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The purpose of this paper is to investigate and evaluate the subjective decision-making of pilots during final approach with varying degrees of experience for landing and go-around.

In this research, the “Lorenz Attractor” was modified and used to model the subjective decision-making of pilots during the final approach. For landing and go-around situations, “hesitation frequency” and “decision-making time” were calculated for the subjective decision-making of pilots.

In this research, the modified Chaotic Lorenz Model was used on MATLAB with varying degrees of experience, namely, student pilots, less-skilled pilots, experienced pilots and well-experienced pilots. Based on the outcomes, the less-skilled pilot needs nearly four times more decision-making time on landing or go-around compared to the well-experienced pilot during the final approach.

Operators (pilots, air traffic controllers) need to make critical and timely decisions in a highly complex work environment, which is influenced by several external elements such as experience level and human factors. According to NASA, 80% of aviation accidents occur due to human errors specifically over the course of the aviation decision-making process in dynamic circumstances. Due to the consequences of this research the operators' training should be redesigned by assisting flight instructors on the weaknesses of pilots.

This research explores the endogenous dynamics of the pilot decision-making process by applying a novel “Chaotic Lorenz Model” on MATLAB. In addition, the operator's total decision time formula was improved by including the decision reviewing time and external factors. Moreover, subjective decision-making model created by the current authors and Wicken's information model were modified to the highly automated systems.

Technological advances and the adaption of higher levels of automation serve as a potential cause of aviation incidents and accidents. This study aims to investigate the effect of automated systems on the operator’s performance total load (work, task, information, communication and mental) in highly advanced systems.

A questionnaire was designed for aviation operators (Pilots, ATCOs) to understand the intensity to which automation has affected their working environment and personal behavior. In total, 115 responses were received from 44 countries worldwide. Approximately, 66% of respondents were pilots, 27% Air traffic controllers and 7% were both pilots and ATCOs with various experience levels.

Based on the results of this questionnaire, this study suggests the following: creating a total load management model to understand the best load balance an operator could perform at providing rapidly updated aviation training methods and approaches investigating the influence and consequences of adding new tools to the operator’s working station and redesigning it to achieve top operator-machine equilibrium redesigning information and alerting systems.

Intrinsic limitations include an implicit expression of bias in the way questions are phrased, ambiguity in question phrasing that leads to incorrect conclusions and challenges regarding articulating complex concepts.

In this paper, the authors aimed to assess and investigate factors leading to current and future incidents and accidents resulting from human factors, specifically caused or developed because of highly automated systems.

Ineffective communication consequences can be life-threatening and drastic. Communication misunderstandings are frequently reported in incidents, accidents and occurrences. This research paper aims to evaluate operator communication load in highly automated systems; distinguish and highlight the communication error factors during flight operations from different perspectives; and provide suggestions to operators to decrease the rate of misunderstandings in aviation communication.

This study is based on a questionnaire that investigated the critical communication load, including aviation training, standard phraseology, operators’ native language and cultural background. In addition to the effect of using controller–pilot data link communications will be discussed widely. In this research, 110 responses were obtained from pilots and air traffic controller (ATCOs) that vary in 44 countries; approximately 20% were ATCOs, and 75% were pilots.

This study was designed to assess the level of aviation operators communication load in highly automated systems, identify and illustrate the factors that contribute to communication errors during flight operations from multiple viewpoints, and offer recommendations to operators to minimize the rate of misunderstandings in aviation communication.

This research deals with evaluating the operators’ communication load, which is crucial for the air traffic safety and efficiency.